Procedura dettagliata: Ospitare un controllo composito WPF 3D in Windows Form

Articolo
10/18/2023

Questa procedura dettagliata illustra come creare un controllo composito WPF e ospitarlo in Windows Form controlli e moduli usando il ElementHost controllo .

In questa procedura dettagliata si implementerà un wpf UserControl che contiene due controlli figlio. Visualizza UserControl un cono tridimensionale (3D). Il rendering degli oggetti 3D è molto più semplice con WPF che con Windows Form. Pertanto, è opportuno ospitare una classe WPF UserControl per creare grafica 3D in Windows Form.

Le attività illustrate nella procedura dettagliata sono le seguenti:

Creazione di WPF UserControl.
Creazione del progetto host Windows Form.
Hosting di WPF UserControl.

Prerequisiti

Per completare questa procedura dettagliata, è necessario disporre dei componenti seguenti:

Visual Studio 2017

Creare UserControl

Creare un progetto libreria di controlli utente WPF denominato HostingWpfUserControlInWf.
Aprire UserControl1.xaml nella finestra di progettazione WPF.

Sostituire il codice generato con il codice seguente:

<UserControl x:Class="HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    >
  
    <Grid>

      <!-- Place a Label control at the top of the view. -->
      <Label 
                HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
                TextBlock.TextAlignment="Center" 
                FontSize="20" 
                Foreground="Red" 
                Content="Model: Cone"/>

      <!-- Viewport3D is the rendering surface. -->
      <Viewport3D Name="myViewport" >

        <!-- Add a camera. -->
        <Viewport3D.Camera>
          <PerspectiveCamera 
                        FarPlaneDistance="20" 
                        LookDirection="0,0,1" 
                        UpDirection="0,1,0" 
                        NearPlaneDistance="1" 
                        Position="0,0,-3" 
                        FieldOfView="45" />
        </Viewport3D.Camera>

        <!-- Add models. -->
        <Viewport3D.Children>

          <ModelVisual3D>
            <ModelVisual3D.Content>

              <Model3DGroup >
                <Model3DGroup.Children>

                  <!-- Lights, MeshGeometry3D and DiffuseMaterial objects are added to the ModelVisual3D. -->
                  <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFFFF" Direction="3,-4,5" />

                  <!-- Define a red cone. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D>

                    <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                      <MeshGeometry3D 
    Positions="0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  " 
    Normals="0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  "                   TriangleIndices="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 " />
                    </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                    <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                      <DiffuseMaterial>
                        <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                          <SolidColorBrush 
                            Color="Red" 
                            Opacity="1.0"/>
                        </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                      </DiffuseMaterial>
                    </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                  </GeometryModel3D>

                </Model3DGroup.Children>
              </Model3DGroup>

            </ModelVisual3D.Content>

          </ModelVisual3D>

        </Viewport3D.Children>

      </Viewport3D>
    </Grid>
  
</UserControl>

Questo codice definisce un oggetto System.Windows.Controls.UserControl che contiene due controlli figlio. Il primo controllo figlio è un System.Windows.Controls.Label controllo. Il secondo è un Viewport3D controllo che visualizza un cono 3D.

Creare il progetto host

Aggiungere un progetto app (.NET Framework) di Windows Form denominato WpfUserControlHost alla soluzione.
In Esplora soluzioni aggiungere un riferimento all'assembly WindowsFormsIntegration, denominato WindowsFormsIntegration.dll.
Aggiungere riferimenti agli assembly WPF seguenti:
- PresentationCore
- PresentationFramework
- WindowsBase
Aggiungere un riferimento al progetto HostingWpfUserControlInWf.
In Esplora soluzioni impostare il WpfUserControlHost progetto come progetto di avvio.

Ospitare UserControl

Nella finestra di progettazione Windows Form aprire Form1.
Nella Finestra Proprietà fare clic su Eventi e quindi fare doppio clic sull'evento Load per creare un gestore eventi.

L'editor di codice viene aperto al gestore eventi appena generato Form1_Load .

Sostituire il codice in Form1.cs con il codice seguente.

Il Form1_Load gestore eventi crea un'istanza di UserControl1 e lo aggiunge alla ElementHost raccolta di controlli figlio del controllo. Il ElementHost controllo viene aggiunto alla raccolta di controlli figlio del form.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Windows.Forms.Integration;

namespace WpfUserControlHost
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
            // WPF UserControl.
            ElementHost host = new ElementHost();
            host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;

            // Create the WPF UserControl.
            HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1 uc =
                new HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1();

            // Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
            // Child property.
            host.Child = uc;

            // Add the ElementHost control to the form's
            // collection of child controls.
            this.Controls.Add(host);
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Imports System.Windows.Forms.Integration

Public Class Form1
    Inherits Form

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        ' Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
        ' WPF UserControl.
        Dim host As New ElementHost()
        host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill

        ' Create the WPF UserControl.
        Dim uc As New HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1()

        ' Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
        ' Child property.
        host.Child = uc

        ' Add the ElementHost control to the form's
        ' collection of child controls.
        Me.Controls.Add(host)
    End Sub

End Class

Premere F5 per compilare ed eseguire l'applicazione.

Procedura dettagliata: Ospitare un controllo composito WPF 3D in Windows Form

Prerequisiti

Creare UserControl

Creare il progetto host

Ospitare UserControl

Vedi anche

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