SortedList<TKey,TValue> 构造函数

public:
 SortedList();

public SortedList ();

Public Sub New ()

示例

下面的代码示例 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 使用字符串键创建一个空的字符串，并使用 Add 方法来添加一些元素。The following code example creates an empty SortedList<TKey,TValue> of strings with string keys and uses the Add method to add some elements. 该示例演示了 Add ArgumentException 在尝试添加重复键时方法引发。The example demonstrates that the Add method throws an ArgumentException when attempting to add a duplicate key.

此代码示例是为类提供的更大示例的一部分 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This code example is part of a larger example provided for the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class.

// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedList<String^, String^>^ openWith =
    gcnew SortedList<String^, String^>();

// Add some elements to the list. There are no 
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith->Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith->Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith->Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith->Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the list.
try
{
    openWith->Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException^)
{
    Console::WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}

// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedList<string, string> openWith =
    new SortedList<string, string>();

// Add some elements to the list. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the list.
try
{
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}

' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string 
' keys. 
Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)

' Add some elements to the list. There are no 
' duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

' The Add method throws an exception if the new key is 
' already in the list.
Try
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe")
Catch 
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = ""txt"" already exists.")
End Try

注解

根据默认的比较器，中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer.

此构造函数使用的初始容量的默认值 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This constructor uses the default value for the initial capacity of the SortedList<TKey,TValue>. 若要设置初始容量，请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32) 构造函数。To set the initial capacity, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32) constructor. 如果可以估计集合的最终大小，则指定初始容量就不必在向中添加元素时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the final size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey 。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey. 若要指定比较器，请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现（如果可用）。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是，则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey 未实现任何一个接口，可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer 。If the key type TKey does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer parameter.

此构造函数是一个 O (1) 操作。This constructor is an O(1) operation.

另请参阅

• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable

public:
 SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

参数

示例

下面的代码示例创建一个排序列表，其中包含当前区域性的不区分大小写的比较器。The following code example creates a sorted list with a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture. 该示例将添加四个元素，其中一些包含小写键，一些具有大写键。The example adds four elements, some with lower-case keys and some with upper-case keys. 然后，该示例尝试添加一个元素，该元素具有仅大小写不同于现有密钥的键，并捕获产生的异常，并显示一条错误消息。The example then attempts to add an element with a key that differs from an existing key only by case, catches the resulting exception, and displays an error message. 最后，此示例以不区分大小写的排序顺序显示元素。Finally, the example displays the elements in case-insensitive sort order.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
        // a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        SortedList<string, string> openWith =
                      new SortedList<string, string>(
                          StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the list.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
        // except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        // comparer.
        try
        {
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the sorted list.");
        }

        // List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

BMP is already in the sorted list.

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
        ' a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the list. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

        ' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same 
        ' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        ' comparer.
        Try
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
        Catch ex As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the sorted list.")
        End Try
        
        ' List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the sorted list.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据指定的比较器，中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer.

此构造函数使用的初始容量的默认值 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This constructor uses the default value for the initial capacity of the SortedList<TKey,TValue>. 若要设置初始容量，请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To set the initial capacity, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 如果可以估计集合的最终大小，则指定初始容量就不必在向中添加元素时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the final size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

此构造函数是一个 O (1) 操作。This constructor is an O(1) operation.

另请参阅

• IComparer<T>
• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable

public:
 SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary);

public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))

参数

例外

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何通过将 SortedList<TKey,TValue> Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 传递 Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 到构造函数来使用在中创建信息的已排序副本 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>) 。The following code example shows how to use SortedList<TKey,TValue> to create a sorted copy of the information in a Dictionary<TKey,TValue>, by passing the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>) constructor.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys.
        //
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
                                  new Dictionary<string, string>();

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Create a SortedList of strings with string keys,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedList<string, string> copy =
                  new SortedList<string, string>(openWith);

        // List the contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
               kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string 
        ' keys.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' Create a SortedList of strings with string keys, 
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedList(Of String, String)(openWith)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

SortedList<TKey,TValue>根据默认的比较器，中的每个键都必须是唯一的; 同样， dictionary 根据默认的比较器，源中的每个键都必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer; likewise, every key in the source dictionary must also be unique according to the default comparer.

新的容量 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 设置为中的元素数 dictionary ，因此在填充列表时，不会发生调整大小。The capacity of the new SortedList<TKey,TValue> is set to the number of elements in dictionary, so no resizing takes place while the list is being populated.

此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey 。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey. 若要指定比较器，请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现（如果可用）。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是，则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey 未实现任何一个接口，可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer 。If the key type TKey does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer parameter.

如果对中的数据 dictionary 进行排序，则此构造函数是一个 O (n) 操作，其中 n 是中的元素数 dictionary 。If the data in dictionary are sorted, this constructor is an O(n) operation, where n is the number of elements in dictionary. 否则，它是一个 O (n * n) 操作。Otherwise it is an O(n*n) operation.

另请参阅

• IDictionary<TKey,TValue>
• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable

public:
 SortedList(int capacity);

public SortedList (int capacity);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : int -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (capacity As Integer)

参数

例外

示例

下面的代码示例创建一个初始容量为4的排序列表，并使用4个条目填充它。The following code example creates a sorted list with an initial capacity of 4 and populates it with 4 entries.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
        // an initial capacity of 4.
        SortedList<string, string> openWith =
                               new SortedList<string, string>(4);

        // Add 4 elements to the list.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
               kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
        ' an initial capacity of 4.
        Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)(4)
        
        ' Add 4 elements to the list. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据默认的比较器，中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer.

的容量是在 SortedList<TKey,TValue> SortedList<TKey,TValue> 调整大小之前可包含的元素数。The capacity of a SortedList<TKey,TValue> is the number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can hold before resizing. 当向添加元素时 SortedList<TKey,TValue> ，将根据需要通过重新分配内部数组来自动增加容量。As elements are added to a SortedList<TKey,TValue>, the capacity is automatically increased as required by reallocating the internal array.

如果集合的大小可为估算值，则指定初始容量后，无需在将元素添加到时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

可以通过调用 TrimExcess 或显式设置属性来减少容量 Capacity 。The capacity can be decreased by calling TrimExcess or by setting the Capacity property explicitly. 减少容量会重新分配内存，并复制中的所有元素 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。Decreasing the capacity reallocates memory and copies all the elements in the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey 。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey. 若要指定比较器，请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现（如果可用）。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是，则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey 实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey 未实现任何一个接口，可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer 。If the key type TKey does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer parameter.

此构造函数是一个 O (n) 操作，其中， n 为 capacity 。This constructor is an O(n) operation, where n is capacity.

另请参阅

• Capacity
• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable

public:
 SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue), comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

参数

例外

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何通过将 SortedList<TKey,TValue> Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 传递 Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 到构造函数来使用来创建不区分大小写的信息的、不区分大小写的排序副本 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) 。The following code example shows how to use SortedList<TKey,TValue> to create a case-insensitive sorted copy of the information in a case-insensitive Dictionary<TKey,TValue>, by passing the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 在此示例中，不区分大小写的比较器适用于当前区域性。In this example, the case-insensitive comparers are for the current culture.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        // a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current
        // culture.
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
            new Dictionary<string, string>
                (StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Create a SortedList of strings with string keys and a
        // case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedList<string, string> copy =
            new SortedList<string, string>(openWith,
                StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        ' a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current 
        ' culture.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' Create a SortedList of strings with string keys and a 
        ' case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedList(Of String, String)(openWith, _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

SortedList<TKey,TValue>根据指定的比较器，中的每个键都必须是唯一的; 同样，根据指定的比较器，源中的每个键都 dictionary 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer; likewise, every key in the source dictionary must also be unique according to the specified comparer.

新的容量 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 设置为中的元素数 dictionary ，因此在填充列表时，不会发生调整大小。The capacity of the new SortedList<TKey,TValue> is set to the number of elements in dictionary, so no resizing takes place while the list is being populated.

如果对中的数据 dictionary 进行排序，则此构造函数是一个 O (n) 操作，其中 n 是中的元素数 dictionary 。If the data in dictionary are sorted, this constructor is an O(n) operation, where n is the number of elements in dictionary. 否则，它是一个 O (n * n) 操作。Otherwise it is an O(n*n) operation.

另请参阅

• IDictionary<TKey,TValue>
• IComparer<T>
• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable

public:
 SortedList(int capacity, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedList (int capacity, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedList (int capacity, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : int * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (capacity As Integer, comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

参数

例外

示例

下面的代码示例创建一个排序列表，其初始容量为5，并为当前区域性创建不区分大小写的比较器。The following code example creates a sorted list with an initial capacity of 5 and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture. 该示例将添加四个元素，其中一些包含小写键，一些具有大写键。The example adds four elements, some with lower-case keys and some with upper-case keys. 然后，该示例尝试添加一个元素，该元素具有仅大小写不同于现有密钥的键，并捕获产生的异常，并显示一条错误消息。The example then attempts to add an element with a key that differs from an existing key only by case, catches the resulting exception, and displays an error message. 最后，此示例以不区分大小写的排序顺序显示元素。Finally, the example displays the elements in case-insensitive sort order.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys, an
        // initial capacity of 5, and a case-insensitive comparer.
        SortedList<string, string> openWith =
                      new SortedList<string, string>(5,
                          StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add 4 elements to the list.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
        // except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        // comparer.
        try
        {
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the sorted list.");
        }

        // List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

BMP is already in the sorted list.

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys, an
        ' initial capacity of 5, and a case-insensitive comparer.
        Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)(5, _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add 4 elements to the list. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

        ' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same 
        ' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        ' comparer.
        Try
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
        Catch ex As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the sorted list.")
        End Try
        
        ' List the contents of the sorted list.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the sorted list.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据指定的比较器，中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer.

的容量是在 SortedList<TKey,TValue> SortedList<TKey,TValue> 调整大小之前可包含的元素数。The capacity of a SortedList<TKey,TValue> is the number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can hold before resizing. 当向添加元素时 SortedList<TKey,TValue> ，将根据需要通过重新分配内部数组来自动增加容量。As elements are added to a SortedList<TKey,TValue>, the capacity is automatically increased as required by reallocating the internal array.

如果集合的大小可为估算值，则指定初始容量后，无需在将元素添加到时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

可以通过调用 TrimExcess 或显式设置属性来减少容量 Capacity 。The capacity can be decreased by calling TrimExcess or by setting the Capacity property explicitly. 减少容量会重新分配内存，并复制中的所有元素 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。Decreasing the capacity reallocates memory and copies all the elements in the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.

此构造函数是一个 O (n) 操作，其中， n 为 capacity 。This constructor is an O(n) operation, where n is capacity.

另请参阅

• Capacity
• IComparer<T>
• Default
• IComparable<T>
• IComparable