SortedList<TKey,TValue> 构造函数
定义
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class.
重载
SortedList<TKey,TValue>() |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该示例为空且具有默认的初始容量,并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the default initial capacity, and uses the default IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例为空,具有默认的初始容量并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the default initial capacity, and uses the specified IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>) |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素,其容量足以容纳所复制的元素数并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that contains elements copied from the specified IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, has sufficient capacity to accommodate the number of elements copied, and uses the default IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32) |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该示例为空且具有指定的初始容量,并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the specified initial capacity, and uses the default IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素,其容量足以容纳所复制的元素数并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that contains elements copied from the specified IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, has sufficient capacity to accommodate the number of elements copied, and uses the specified IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) |
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例为空,具有指定的初始容量并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the specified initial capacity, and uses the specified IComparer<T>. |
SortedList<TKey,TValue>()
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该示例为空且具有默认的初始容量,并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the default initial capacity, and uses the default IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList();
public SortedList ();
Public Sub New ()
示例
下面的代码示例 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 使用字符串键创建一个空的字符串,并使用 Add 方法来添加一些元素。The following code example creates an empty SortedList<TKey,TValue> of strings with string keys and uses the Add method to add some elements. 该示例演示了 Add ArgumentException 在尝试添加重复键时方法引发。The example demonstrates that the Add method throws an ArgumentException when attempting to add a duplicate key.
此代码示例是为类提供的更大示例的一部分 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This code example is part of a larger example provided for the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class.
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedList<String^, String^>^ openWith =
gcnew SortedList<String^, String^>();
// Add some elements to the list. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith->Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith->Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith->Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith->Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the list.
try
{
openWith->Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException^)
{
Console::WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedList<string, string> openWith =
new SortedList<string, string>();
// Add some elements to the list. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the list.
try
{
openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}
' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string
' keys.
Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)
' Add some elements to the list. There are no
' duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
' already in the list.
Try
openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe")
Catch
Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = ""txt"" already exists.")
End Try
注解
根据默认的比较器,中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer.
此构造函数使用的初始容量的默认值 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This constructor uses the default value for the initial capacity of the SortedList<TKey,TValue>. 若要设置初始容量,请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32) 构造函数。To set the initial capacity, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32) constructor. 如果可以估计集合的最终大小,则指定初始容量就不必在向中添加元素时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the final size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey
。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey
. 若要指定比较器,请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现(如果可用)。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是,则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey
未实现任何一个接口,可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer
。If the key type TKey
does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer
parameter.
此构造函数是一个 O (1) 操作。This constructor is an O(1) operation.
另请参阅
适用于
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例为空,具有默认的初始容量并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the default initial capacity, and uses the specified IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);
public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);
public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);
new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>
Public Sub New (comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))
参数
- comparer
- IComparer<TKey>
在对键进行比较时使用的 IComparer<T> 实现。The IComparer<T> implementation to use when comparing keys.
- 或 --or-
为 null
,则为这类键使用默认的 Comparer<T>。null
to use the default Comparer<T> for the type of the key.
示例
下面的代码示例创建一个排序列表,其中包含当前区域性的不区分大小写的比较器。The following code example creates a sorted list with a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture. 该示例将添加四个元素,其中一些包含小写键,一些具有大写键。The example adds four elements, some with lower-case keys and some with upper-case keys. 然后,该示例尝试添加一个元素,该元素具有仅大小写不同于现有密钥的键,并捕获产生的异常,并显示一条错误消息。The example then attempts to add an element with a key that differs from an existing key only by case, catches the resulting exception, and displays an error message. 最后,此示例以不区分大小写的排序顺序显示元素。Finally, the example displays the elements in case-insensitive sort order.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
// a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
SortedList<string, string> openWith =
new SortedList<string, string>(
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);
// Add some elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
// except for case; this would be allowed with the default
// comparer.
try
{
openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the sorted list.");
}
// List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
{
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
kvp.Value);
}
}
}
/* This code example produces the following output:
BMP is already in the sorted list.
Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
*/
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
' a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)( _
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
' Add some elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
' comparer.
Try
openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
Catch ex As ArgumentException
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the sorted list.")
End Try
' List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine()
For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
Next kvp
End Sub
End Class
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the sorted list.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
注解
根据指定的比较器,中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer.
此构造函数使用的初始容量的默认值 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。This constructor uses the default value for the initial capacity of the SortedList<TKey,TValue>. 若要设置初始容量,请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To set the initial capacity, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 如果可以估计集合的最终大小,则指定初始容量就不必在向中添加元素时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the final size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
此构造函数是一个 O (1) 操作。This constructor is an O(1) operation.
另请参阅
适用于
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素,其容量足以容纳所复制的元素数并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that contains elements copied from the specified IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, has sufficient capacity to accommodate the number of elements copied, and uses the default IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary);
public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary);
new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>
Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))
参数
- dictionary
- IDictionary<TKey,TValue>
IDictionary<TKey,TValue>,它的元素被复制到新 SortedList<TKey,TValue>。The IDictionary<TKey,TValue> whose elements are copied to the new SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
例外
dictionary
为 null
。dictionary
is null
.
dictionary
包含一个或多个重复键。dictionary
contains one or more duplicate keys.
示例
下面的代码示例演示如何通过将 SortedList<TKey,TValue> Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 传递 Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 到构造函数来使用在中创建信息的已排序副本 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>) 。The following code example shows how to use SortedList<TKey,TValue> to create a sorted copy of the information in a Dictionary<TKey,TValue>, by passing the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>) constructor.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys.
//
Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
new Dictionary<string, string>();
// Add some elements to the dictionary.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// Create a SortedList of strings with string keys,
// and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
SortedList<string, string> copy =
new SortedList<string, string>(openWith);
// List the contents of the copy.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
{
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
}
}
}
/* This code example produces the following output:
Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
*/
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string
' keys.
Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)
' Add some elements to the dictionary.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' Create a SortedList of strings with string keys,
' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
Dim copy As New SortedList(Of String, String)(openWith)
' List the sorted contents of the copy.
Console.WriteLine()
For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
Next kvp
End Sub
End Class
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
注解
SortedList<TKey,TValue>根据默认的比较器,中的每个键都必须是唯一的; 同样, dictionary
根据默认的比较器,源中的每个键都必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer; likewise, every key in the source dictionary
must also be unique according to the default comparer.
新的容量 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 设置为中的元素数 dictionary
,因此在填充列表时,不会发生调整大小。The capacity of the new SortedList<TKey,TValue> is set to the number of elements in dictionary
, so no resizing takes place while the list is being populated.
此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey
。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey
. 若要指定比较器,请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现(如果可用)。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是,则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey
未实现任何一个接口,可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer
。If the key type TKey
does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer
parameter.
如果对中的数据 dictionary
进行排序,则此构造函数是一个 O (n
) 操作,其中 n
是中的元素数 dictionary
。If the data in dictionary
are sorted, this constructor is an O(n
) operation, where n
is the number of elements in dictionary
. 否则,它是一个 O (n
* n
) 操作。Otherwise it is an O(n
*n
) operation.
另请参阅
适用于
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32)
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该示例为空且具有指定的初始容量,并使用默认的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the specified initial capacity, and uses the default IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList(int capacity);
public SortedList (int capacity);
new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : int -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>
Public Sub New (capacity As Integer)
参数
- capacity
- Int32
SortedList<TKey,TValue> 可包含的初始元素数。The initial number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can contain.
例外
capacity
小于零。capacity
is less than zero.
示例
下面的代码示例创建一个初始容量为4的排序列表,并使用4个条目填充它。The following code example creates a sorted list with an initial capacity of 4 and populates it with 4 entries.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
// an initial capacity of 4.
SortedList<string, string> openWith =
new SortedList<string, string>(4);
// Add 4 elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
{
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
}
}
}
/* This code example produces the following output:
Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
*/
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys and
' an initial capacity of 4.
Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)(4)
' Add 4 elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine()
For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
Next kvp
End Sub
End Class
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
注解
根据默认的比较器,中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the default comparer.
的容量是在 SortedList<TKey,TValue> SortedList<TKey,TValue> 调整大小之前可包含的元素数。The capacity of a SortedList<TKey,TValue> is the number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can hold before resizing. 当向添加元素时 SortedList<TKey,TValue> ,将根据需要通过重新分配内部数组来自动增加容量。As elements are added to a SortedList<TKey,TValue>, the capacity is automatically increased as required by reallocating the internal array.
如果集合的大小可为估算值,则指定初始容量后,无需在将元素添加到时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
可以通过调用 TrimExcess 或显式设置属性来减少容量 Capacity 。The capacity can be decreased by calling TrimExcess or by setting the Capacity property explicitly. 减少容量会重新分配内存,并复制中的所有元素 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。Decreasing the capacity reallocates memory and copies all the elements in the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
此构造函数使用的默认比较器 TKey
。This constructor uses the default comparer for TKey
. 若要指定比较器,请使用 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) 构造函数。To specify a comparer, use the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 默认比较器 Comparer<T>.Default 将检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable<T> 并使用该实现(如果可用)。The default comparer Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable<T> and uses that implementation, if available. 如果不是,则 Comparer<T>.Default 检查键类型是否 TKey
实现 System.IComparable 。If not, Comparer<T>.Default checks whether the key type TKey
implements System.IComparable. 如果键类型 TKey
未实现任何一个接口,可以 System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> 在接受参数的构造函数重载中指定实现 comparer
。If the key type TKey
does not implement either interface, you can specify a System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> implementation in a constructor overload that accepts a comparer
parameter.
此构造函数是一个 O (n
) 操作,其中, n
为 capacity
。This constructor is an O(n
) operation, where n
is capacity
.
另请参阅
适用于
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素,其容量足以容纳所复制的元素数并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that contains elements copied from the specified IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, has sufficient capacity to accommodate the number of elements copied, and uses the specified IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);
public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);
public SortedList (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);
new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>
Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue), comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))
参数
- dictionary
- IDictionary<TKey,TValue>
IDictionary<TKey,TValue>,它的元素被复制到新 SortedList<TKey,TValue>。The IDictionary<TKey,TValue> whose elements are copied to the new SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
- comparer
- IComparer<TKey>
在对键进行比较时使用的 IComparer<T> 实现。The IComparer<T> implementation to use when comparing keys.
- 或 --or-
为 null
,则为这类键使用默认的 Comparer<T>。null
to use the default Comparer<T> for the type of the key.
例外
dictionary
为 null
。dictionary
is null
.
dictionary
包含一个或多个重复键。dictionary
contains one or more duplicate keys.
示例
下面的代码示例演示如何通过将 SortedList<TKey,TValue> Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 传递 Dictionary<TKey,TValue> 到构造函数来使用来创建不区分大小写的信息的、不区分大小写的排序副本 SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) 。The following code example shows how to use SortedList<TKey,TValue> to create a case-insensitive sorted copy of the information in a case-insensitive Dictionary<TKey,TValue>, by passing the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>) constructor. 在此示例中,不区分大小写的比较器适用于当前区域性。In this example, the case-insensitive comparers are for the current culture.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
// a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current
// culture.
Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
new Dictionary<string, string>
(StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);
// Add some elements to the dictionary.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// Create a SortedList of strings with string keys and a
// case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
// and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
SortedList<string, string> copy =
new SortedList<string, string>(openWith,
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);
// List the sorted contents of the copy.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
{
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
kvp.Value);
}
}
}
/* This code example produces the following output:
Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
*/
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
' a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current
' culture.
Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)( _
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
' Add some elements to the dictionary.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' Create a SortedList of strings with string keys and a
' case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
Dim copy As New SortedList(Of String, String)(openWith, _
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
' List the sorted contents of the copy.
Console.WriteLine()
For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
Next kvp
End Sub
End Class
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
注解
SortedList<TKey,TValue>根据指定的比较器,中的每个键都必须是唯一的; 同样,根据指定的比较器,源中的每个键都 dictionary
必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer; likewise, every key in the source dictionary
must also be unique according to the specified comparer.
新的容量 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 设置为中的元素数 dictionary
,因此在填充列表时,不会发生调整大小。The capacity of the new SortedList<TKey,TValue> is set to the number of elements in dictionary
, so no resizing takes place while the list is being populated.
如果对中的数据 dictionary
进行排序,则此构造函数是一个 O (n
) 操作,其中 n
是中的元素数 dictionary
。If the data in dictionary
are sorted, this constructor is an O(n
) operation, where n
is the number of elements in dictionary
. 否则,它是一个 O (n
* n
) 操作。Otherwise it is an O(n
*n
) operation.
另请参阅
适用于
SortedList<TKey,TValue>(Int32, IComparer<TKey>)
初始化 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例,该实例为空,具有指定的初始容量并使用指定的 IComparer<T>。Initializes a new instance of the SortedList<TKey,TValue> class that is empty, has the specified initial capacity, and uses the specified IComparer<T>.
public:
SortedList(int capacity, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);
public SortedList (int capacity, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);
public SortedList (int capacity, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);
new System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value> : int * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedList<'Key, 'Value>
Public Sub New (capacity As Integer, comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))
参数
- capacity
- Int32
SortedList<TKey,TValue> 可包含的初始元素数。The initial number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can contain.
- comparer
- IComparer<TKey>
在对键进行比较时使用的 IComparer<T> 实现。The IComparer<T> implementation to use when comparing keys.
- 或 --or-
为 null
,则为这类键使用默认的 Comparer<T>。null
to use the default Comparer<T> for the type of the key.
例外
capacity
小于零。capacity
is less than zero.
示例
下面的代码示例创建一个排序列表,其初始容量为5,并为当前区域性创建不区分大小写的比较器。The following code example creates a sorted list with an initial capacity of 5 and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture. 该示例将添加四个元素,其中一些包含小写键,一些具有大写键。The example adds four elements, some with lower-case keys and some with upper-case keys. 然后,该示例尝试添加一个元素,该元素具有仅大小写不同于现有密钥的键,并捕获产生的异常,并显示一条错误消息。The example then attempts to add an element with a key that differs from an existing key only by case, catches the resulting exception, and displays an error message. 最后,此示例以不区分大小写的排序顺序显示元素。Finally, the example displays the elements in case-insensitive sort order.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys, an
// initial capacity of 5, and a case-insensitive comparer.
SortedList<string, string> openWith =
new SortedList<string, string>(5,
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);
// Add 4 elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");
// Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
// except for case; this would be allowed with the default
// comparer.
try
{
openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the sorted list.");
}
// List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine();
foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
{
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
kvp.Value);
}
}
}
/* This code example produces the following output:
BMP is already in the sorted list.
Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
*/
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create a new sorted list of strings, with string keys, an
' initial capacity of 5, and a case-insensitive comparer.
Dim openWith As New SortedList(Of String, String)(5, _
StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
' Add 4 elements to the list.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
' comparer.
Try
openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
Catch ex As ArgumentException
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the sorted list.")
End Try
' List the contents of the sorted list.
Console.WriteLine()
For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
Next kvp
End Sub
End Class
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the sorted list.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
注解
根据指定的比较器,中的每个键都 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 必须是唯一的。Every key in a SortedList<TKey,TValue> must be unique according to the specified comparer.
的容量是在 SortedList<TKey,TValue> SortedList<TKey,TValue> 调整大小之前可包含的元素数。The capacity of a SortedList<TKey,TValue> is the number of elements that the SortedList<TKey,TValue> can hold before resizing. 当向添加元素时 SortedList<TKey,TValue> ,将根据需要通过重新分配内部数组来自动增加容量。As elements are added to a SortedList<TKey,TValue>, the capacity is automatically increased as required by reallocating the internal array.
如果集合的大小可为估算值,则指定初始容量后,无需在将元素添加到时执行多个大小调整操作 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。If the size of the collection can be estimated, specifying the initial capacity eliminates the need to perform a number of resizing operations while adding elements to the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
可以通过调用 TrimExcess 或显式设置属性来减少容量 Capacity 。The capacity can be decreased by calling TrimExcess or by setting the Capacity property explicitly. 减少容量会重新分配内存,并复制中的所有元素 SortedList<TKey,TValue> 。Decreasing the capacity reallocates memory and copies all the elements in the SortedList<TKey,TValue>.
此构造函数是一个 O (n
) 操作,其中, n
为 capacity
。This constructor is an O(n
) operation, where n
is capacity
.