Stack 类

定义

public ref class Stack : ICloneable, System::Collections::ICollection

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
[System.Serializable]
public class Stack : ICloneable, System.Collections.ICollection

type Stack = class
    interface ICollection
    interface ICloneable
    interface IEnumerable

Public Class Stack
Implements ICloneable, ICollection

继承

Object

Stack

属性

ComVisibleAttribute SerializableAttribute

实现

ICollection IEnumerable ICloneable

示例

下面的示例演示如何创建值并将其添加到堆栈中，以及如何显示其值。The following example shows how to create and add values to a Stack and how to display its values.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
void PrintValues( IEnumerable^ myCollection );
int main()
{
   
   // Creates and initializes a new Stack.
   Stack^ myStack = gcnew Stack;
   myStack->Push( "Hello" );
   myStack->Push( "World" );
   myStack->Push( "!" );
   
   // Displays the properties and values of the Stack.
   Console::WriteLine( "myStack" );
   Console::WriteLine( "\tCount:    {0}", myStack->Count );
   Console::Write( "\tValues:" );
   PrintValues( myStack );
}

void PrintValues( IEnumerable^ myCollection )
{
   IEnumerator^ myEnum = myCollection->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {
      Object^ obj = safe_cast<Object^>(myEnum->Current);
      Console::Write( "    {0}", obj );
   }

   Console::WriteLine();
}

/* 
 This code produces the following output.
 
 myStack
     Count:    3
     Values:    !    World    Hello
 */

using System;
using System.Collections;
public class SamplesStack  {

   public static void Main()  {

      // Creates and initializes a new Stack.
      Stack myStack = new Stack();
      myStack.Push("Hello");
      myStack.Push("World");
      myStack.Push("!");

      // Displays the properties and values of the Stack.
      Console.WriteLine( "myStack" );
      Console.WriteLine( "\tCount:    {0}", myStack.Count );
      Console.Write( "\tValues:" );
      PrintValues( myStack );
   }

   public static void PrintValues( IEnumerable myCollection )  {
      foreach ( Object obj in myCollection )
         Console.Write( "    {0}", obj );
      Console.WriteLine();
   }

}


/* 
This code produces the following output.

myStack
    Count:    3
    Values:    !    World    Hello
*/ 

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesStack    
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
    
        ' Creates and initializes a new Stack.
        Dim myStack As New Stack()
        myStack.Push("Hello")
        myStack.Push("World")
        myStack.Push("!")
        
        ' Displays the properties and values of the Stack.
        Console.WriteLine("myStack")
        Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Tab & "Count:    {0}", myStack.Count)
        Console.Write(ControlChars.Tab & "Values:")
        PrintValues(myStack)
    End Sub
    
    Public Shared Sub PrintValues(myCollection As IEnumerable)
        Dim obj As [Object]
        For Each obj In  myCollection
            Console.Write("    {0}", obj)
        Next obj
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub

End Class

' This code produces the following output.
'
' myStack
'     Count:     3
'     Values:    !    World    Hello

注解

@No__t 的容量为 Stack 可以容纳的元素数。The capacity of a Stack is the number of elements the Stack can hold. 向 @no__t 添加元素时，会根据需要通过重新分配自动增加容量。As elements are added to a Stack, the capacity is automatically increased as required through reallocation.

如果 Count 小于堆栈的容量，Push 是 @no__t 操作。If Count is less than the capacity of the stack, Push is an O(1) operation. 如果需要增加容量以容纳新元素，Push 会成为 @no__t 操作，其中 n 为 Count。If the capacity needs to be increased to accommodate the new element, Push becomes an O(n) operation, where n is Count. @no__t 为 O(1) 操作。Pop is an O(1) operation.

Stack 接受 @no__t 为有效值，并允许重复元素。Stack accepts null as a valid value and allows duplicate elements.

构造函数

属性

方法

扩展方法

适用于

线程安全性

此类型的公共静态（@no__t Visual Basic）成员是线程安全的。Public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. 但不保证所有实例成员都是线程安全的。Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe.

若要保证 @no__t 的线程安全，必须通过 Synchronized(Stack) 方法返回的包装执行所有操作。To guarantee the thread safety of the Stack, all operations must be done through the wrapper returned by the Synchronized(Stack) method.

枚举整个集合本质上不是一个线程安全的过程。Enumerating through a collection is intrinsically not a thread-safe procedure. 即使某个集合已同步，其他线程仍可以修改该集合，这会导致枚举数引发异常。Even when a collection is synchronized, other threads can still modify the collection, which causes the enumerator to throw an exception. 若要确保枚举过程中的线程安全性，可以在整个枚举期间锁定集合，或者捕获由其他线程进行的更改所导致的异常。To guarantee thread safety during enumeration, you can either lock the collection during the entire enumeration or catch the exceptions resulting from changes made by other threads.

另请参阅

• Stack<T>