使用 PIM API (预览) 管理Microsoft Entra角色的安全警报

Privileged Identity Management (Microsoft Entra角色的 PIM) 在检测到租户中Microsoft Entra角色的可疑或不安全设置时会生成警报。 本文介绍使用 Microsoft Graph 管理 PIM 警报的方案。

有关用于管理 PIM 安全警报的 API 资源的详细信息,请参阅Microsoft Entra角色的安全警报

先决条件

列出所有 PIM 警报

请求

仅支持与Microsoft Entra内置角色相关的警报,并且警报范围限定为租户,并且可以使用以下请求进行检索。 未指定正确的 scope 和 scopeType 将返回错误 400 Bad Request

GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts?$filter=scopeId eq '/' and scopeType eq 'DirectoryRole'

响应

以下示例显示了相应的响应。

注意:为了提高可读性,可能缩短了此处显示的响应对象。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "@odata.context": "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$metadata#identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts",
    "@microsoft.graph.tips": "Use $select to choose only the properties your app needs, as this can lead to performance improvements. For example: GET identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts?$select=alertDefinitionId,incidentCount",
    "value": [
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_InvalidLicenseAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_InvalidLicenseAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:05:57.457Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_NoMfaOnRoleActivationAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_NoMfaOnRoleActivationAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.25Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RedundantAssignmentAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RedundantAssignmentAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:00.603Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:05:57.78Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_SequentialActivationRenewalsAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_SequentialActivationRenewalsAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:05:57.857Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_StaleSignInAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_StaleSignInAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 0,
            "isActive": false,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "0001-01-01T08:00:00Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:03.117Z"
        },
        {
            "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
            "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
            "scopeId": "/",
            "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
            "incidentCount": 7,
            "isActive": true,
            "lastModifiedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z",
            "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z"
        }
    ]
}

获取 PIM 警报

请求

GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert

响应

以下示例显示了相应的响应。

注意:为了提高可读性,可能缩短了此处显示的响应对象。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "@odata.context": "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$metadata#identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/$entity",
    "@microsoft.graph.tips": "Use $select to choose only the properties your app needs, as this can lead to performance improvements. For example: GET identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts('<key>')?$select=alertDefinitionId,incidentCount",
    "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
    "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
    "scopeId": "/",
    "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
    "incidentCount": 7,
    "isActive": true,
    "lastModifiedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z",
    "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z"
}

获取安全警报并展开关系以读取定义、配置和事件

请求

可以通过使用通配符 (*) 展开所有关系,或使用 单独 $expand=alertDefinition,alertConfiguration,alertIncidents展开关系来读取租户中的安全警报及其定义、配置和相关事件。

此请求有助于避免单独检索警报定义、配置和事件,然后将其关联到警报。

GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert?$expand=*

响应

以下示例显示了相应的响应。

注意:为了提高可读性,可能缩短了此处显示的响应对象。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "@odata.context": "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$metadata#identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts(alertConfiguration(),alertDefinition(),alertIncidents())/$entity",
    "@microsoft.graph.tips": "Use $select to choose only the properties your app needs, as this can lead to performance improvements. For example: GET identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts('<key>')?$select=alertDefinitionId,incidentCount",
    "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
    "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
    "scopeId": "/",
    "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
    "incidentCount": 7,
    "isActive": true,
    "lastModifiedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z",
    "lastScannedDateTime": "2023-09-20T17:06:01.363Z",
    "alertConfiguration": {
        "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertConfiguration",
        "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
        "alertDefinitionId": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
        "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
        "scopeId": "/",
        "isEnabled": true,
        "globalAdminCountThreshold": 3,
        "percentageOfGlobalAdminsOutOfRolesThreshold": 10
    },
    "alertDefinition": {
        "id": "DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert",
        "displayName": "There are too many global administrators",
        "scopeType": "DirectoryRole",
        "scopeId": "/",
        "description": "The percentage of global administrators is high, relative to other privileged roles. It is recommended to use least privileged roles, with just enough privileges to perform the required tasks.",
        "severityLevel": "low",
        "securityImpact": "Global administrator is the highest privileged role. If a Global Administrator is compromised, the attacker gains access to all of their permissions, which puts your whole system at risk.",
        "mitigationSteps": "·Review the users in the list and remove any that do not absolutely need the Global Administrator role.·Assign lower privileged roles to these users instead.",
        "howToPrevent": "Assign users the least privileged role they need.",
        "isRemediatable": true,
        "isConfigurable": true
    },
    "alertIncidents@odata.context": "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$metadata#identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts('DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert')/alertIncidents",
    "alertIncidents": [
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "60caa50f-7863-4f48-bf97-2a8fb990b681",
            "assigneeId": "60caa50f-7863-4f48-bf97-2a8fb990b681",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "MOD Administrator",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "admin@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "6dd82b18-d45f-4346-bf87-e9700db41849",
            "assigneeId": "6dd82b18-d45f-4346-bf87-e9700db41849",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Nestor Wilke",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "NestorW@Contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "87404028-0c5b-4d0a-9d9d-3150e4b5ce74",
            "assigneeId": "87404028-0c5b-4d0a-9d9d-3150e4b5ce74",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Isaiah Langer",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "IsaiahL@Contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "143ebd3d-e522-485c-aa52-94675ee83e6c",
            "assigneeId": "143ebd3d-e522-485c-aa52-94675ee83e6c",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Lidia Holloway",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "LidiaH@Contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "2832ca72-700e-4f20-a3c7-97028803a95b",
            "assigneeId": "2832ca72-700e-4f20-a3c7-97028803a95b",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Microsoft Service Account",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "ms-serviceaccount@Contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "31336492-bf1b-48bb-a072-e554e4f992fc",
            "assigneeId": "31336492-bf1b-48bb-a072-e554e4f992fc",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Megan Bowen",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "MeganB@Contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "308110a6-4f71-49c2-bbef-c6dbda50b392",
            "assigneeId": "308110a6-4f71-49c2-bbef-c6dbda50b392",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Allan Deyoung",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "AllanD@Contoso.com"
        }
    ]
}

获取触发警报的事件的详细信息

请求

GET https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert/alertIncidents

响应

以下示例显示了相应的响应。

注意:为了提高可读性,可能缩短了此处显示的响应对象。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "@odata.context": "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/$metadata#identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts('DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert')/alertIncidents",
    "@microsoft.graph.tips": "Use $select to choose only the properties your app needs, as this can lead to performance improvements. For example: GET identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts('<key>')/alertIncidents?$select=id",
    "value": [
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "143ebd3d-e522-485c-aa52-94675ee83e6c",
            "assigneeId": "143ebd3d-e522-485c-aa52-94675ee83e6c",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Lidia Holloway",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "LidiaH@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "2832ca72-700e-4f20-a3c7-97028803a95b",
            "assigneeId": "2832ca72-700e-4f20-a3c7-97028803a95b",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Microsoft Service Account",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "ms-serviceaccount@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "308110a6-4f71-49c2-bbef-c6dbda50b392",
            "assigneeId": "308110a6-4f71-49c2-bbef-c6dbda50b392",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Allan Deyoung",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "AllanD@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "31336492-bf1b-48bb-a072-e554e4f992fc",
            "assigneeId": "31336492-bf1b-48bb-a072-e554e4f992fc",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Megan Bowen",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "MeganB@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "60caa50f-7863-4f48-bf97-2a8fb990b681",
            "assigneeId": "60caa50f-7863-4f48-bf97-2a8fb990b681",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "MOD Administrator",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "admin@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "6dd82b18-d45f-4346-bf87-e9700db41849",
            "assigneeId": "6dd82b18-d45f-4346-bf87-e9700db41849",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Nestor Wilke",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "NestorW@contoso.com"
        },
        {
            "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertIncident",
            "id": "87404028-0c5b-4d0a-9d9d-3150e4b5ce74",
            "assigneeId": "87404028-0c5b-4d0a-9d9d-3150e4b5ce74",
            "assigneeDisplayName": "Isaiah Langer",
            "assigneeUserPrincipalName": "IsaiahL@contoso.com"
        }
    ]
}

消除警报

通过将 isActive 属性设置为 来 true消除警报。 消除警报时,PIM 不再扫描租户中的警报以查找事件。 仍可查询现有事件,但不会生成新事件。 可以通过将 属性设置为 isActivetrue刷新警报类型来重新启用警报。

PATCH https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "isActive": false
}

请求返回 204 No Content 响应。

刷新警报类型

刷新警报类型时,PIM 会扫描租户中与警报类型匹配的事件。 此请求是一个长时间运行的操作,并返回一个 Location 标头,可用于轮询操作的状态 - 警报是刷新还是失败。 PIM 包括以前在刷新操作中消除的警报、响应式消除的警报 (更新 对) 的“活动”true ,以及生成新事件。

请求

POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert/refresh

响应

HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Location: https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/operations/refresh:DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert

刷新所有警报类型

刷新所有警报时,PIM 会扫描租户中是否存在所有事件。 此请求是一个长时间运行的操作,并返回一个 Location 标头,可用于轮询操作的状态 - 警报是刷新还是失败。 PIM 包括以前在刷新操作中消除的警报、响应式消除的警报 (更新 对) 的“活动”true ,以及生成新事件。

请求

目前,仅支持租户范围 (/) 和 DirectoryRole 范围类型。

POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/refresh
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "scopeId" : "/",
    "scopeType" : "DirectoryRole"
}

响应

HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Location: https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/operations/refresh:DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert

更新警报配置

更新警报配置意味着更改特定于租户的设置,这些设置控制 PIM 如何扫描租户中与警报类型匹配的事件。 例如,是扫描租户中的警报,还是可以更改阈值,当越过时会触发已知事件。

PATCH https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alertConfigurations/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_TooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlert
Content-Type: application/json

{
    "@odata.type": "#microsoft.graph.tooManyGlobalAdminsAssignedToTenantAlertConfiguration",
    "isEnabled": true,
    "globalAdminCountThreshold": 4,
    "percentageOfGlobalAdminsOutOfRolesThreshold": 10
}

请求返回 204 No Content 响应。

修正警报事件

修正警报事件意味着请求Microsoft Entra ID以应用警报定义中定义的缓解步骤。 例如,如果警报定义建议从角色中删除用户,则修正事件意味着Microsoft Entra ID从角色中删除该用户。

请求

POST https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/identityGovernance/roleManagementAlerts/alerts/DirectoryRole_3b0e753b-22fa-4c16-9bf2-470b80be80d6_RolesAssignedOutsidePimAlert/alertIncidents/9e864769-63e3-4635-8069-551bcd46183d/remediate

响应

HTTP/1.1 200 OK