Enumerable.Union Metoda

public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ Union(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ first, System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ second);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second);

static member Union : seq<'Source> * seq<'Source> -> seq<'Source>

<Extension()>
Public Function Union(Of TSource) (first As IEnumerable(Of TSource), second As IEnumerable(Of TSource)) As IEnumerable(Of TSource)

Parametry typu

Parametry

Zwraca

IEnumerable<TSource>

IEnumerable<T>Zawiera elementy z obu sekwencji wejściowych, z wyjątkiem duplikatów.An IEnumerable<T> that contains the elements from both input sequences, excluding duplicates.

Wyjątki

Przykłady

Poniższy przykład kodu demonstruje, jak użyć, Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) Aby uzyskać złożenie dwóch sekwencji liczb całkowitych.The following code example demonstrates how to use Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) to obtain the union of two sequences of integers.

int[] ints1 = { 5, 3, 9, 7, 5, 9, 3, 7 };
int[] ints2 = { 8, 3, 6, 4, 4, 9, 1, 0 };

IEnumerable<int> union = ints1.Union(ints2);

foreach (int num in union)
{
    Console.Write("{0} ", num);
}

/*
 This code produces the following output:

 5 3 9 7 8 6 4 1 0
*/

' Create two arrays of integer values.
Dim ints1() As Integer = {5, 3, 9, 7, 5, 9, 3, 7}
Dim ints2() As Integer = {8, 3, 6, 4, 4, 9, 1, 0}

' Get the set union of the two arrays.
Dim union As IEnumerable(Of Integer) = ints1.Union(ints2)

' Display the resulting set's values.
Dim output As New System.Text.StringBuilder
For Each num As Integer In union
    output.AppendLine(num & " ")
Next
Console.WriteLine(output.ToString())

' This code produces the following output:
'
' 5 
' 3 
' 9 
' 7 
' 8 
' 6 
' 4 
' 1 
' 0 

Jeśli chcesz porównać sekwencje obiektów z niestandardowym typem danych, musisz zaimplementować IEquatable<T> interfejs generyczny w klasie pomocnika.If you want to compare sequences of objects of some custom data type, you have to implement the IEquatable<T> generic interface in a helper class. Poniższy przykład kodu pokazuje, jak zaimplementować ten interfejs w niestandardowym typie danych oraz zastąpień GetHashCode i Equals metodach.The following code example shows how to implement this interface in a custom data type and override GetHashCode and Equals methods.

public class ProductA: IEquatable<ProductA>
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Code { get; set; }

    public bool Equals(ProductA other)
    {
        if (other is null)
            return false;

        return this.Name == other.Name && this.Code == other.Code;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj) => Equals(obj as ProductA);
    public override int GetHashCode() => (Name, Code).GetHashCode();
}

Public Class ProductA
    Inherits IEquatable(Of ProductA)

    Public Property Name As String
    Public Property Code As Integer

    Public Function Equals(ByVal other As ProductA) As Boolean
        If other Is Nothing Then Return False
        Return Me.Name = other.Name AndAlso Me.Code = other.Code
    End Function

    Public Overrides Function Equals(ByVal obj As Object) As Boolean
        Return Equals(TryCast(obj, ProductA))
    End Function

    Public Overrides Function GetHashCode() As Integer
        Return (Name, Code).GetHashCode()
    End Function

End Class

Po zaimplementowaniu tego interfejsu można użyć sekwencji ProductA obiektów w Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) metodzie, jak pokazano w następującym przykładzie:After you implement this interface, you can use sequences of ProductA objects in the Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) method, as shown in the following example:

ProductA[] store1 = { new ProductA { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new ProductA { Name = "orange", Code = 4 } };

ProductA[] store2 = { new ProductA { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new ProductA { Name = "lemon", Code = 12 } };

Dim store1() As ProductA = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "orange", .Code = 4}}

Dim store2() As ProductA = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "lemon", .Code = 12}}

//Get the products from the both arrays
//excluding duplicates.

IEnumerable<ProductA> union =
  store1.Union(store2);

foreach (var product in union)
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name + " " + product.Code);

/*
    This code produces the following output:

    apple 9
    orange 4
    lemon 12
*/

' Get the products from the both arrays
' excluding duplicates.

Dim union = store1.Union(store2)

For Each product In union
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name & " " & product.Code)
Next

' This code produces the following output:
'
' apple 9
' orange 4
' lemon 12
' 

Uwagi

Ta metoda jest implementowana za pomocą odroczonego wykonania.This method is implemented by using deferred execution. Bezpośrednio zwracana wartość jest obiektem, który przechowuje wszystkie informacje wymagane do wykonania akcji.The immediate return value is an object that stores all the information that is required to perform the action. Zapytanie reprezentowane przez tę metodę nie jest wykonywane do momentu wyliczenia obiektu przez wywołanie jego GetEnumerator metody bezpośrednio lub przy użyciu foreach w Visual C# lub For Each w Visual Basic.The query represented by this method is not executed until the object is enumerated either by calling its GetEnumerator method directly or by using foreach in Visual C# or For Each in Visual Basic.

Ta metoda wyklucza duplikaty z zestawu zwracanego.This method excludes duplicates from the return set. Jest to inne zachowanie Concat metody, która zwraca wszystkie elementy w sekwencjach wejściowych, w tym duplikaty.This is different behavior to the Concat method, which returns all the elements in the input sequences including duplicates.

Domyślna funkcja porównująca równość Default jest używana do porównywania wartości typów, które implementują IEqualityComparer<T> interfejs ogólny.The default equality comparer, Default, is used to compare values of the types that implement the IEqualityComparer<T> generic interface. Aby porównać niestandardowy typ danych, należy zaimplementować ten interfejs i udostępnić własne GetHashCode Equals metody dla typu.To compare a custom data type, you need to implement this interface and provide your own GetHashCode and Equals methods for the type.

Gdy obiekt zwracany przez tę metodę jest wyliczany, Union wylicza first i second w tej kolejności i daje każdy element, który nie został jeszcze osiągnięty.When the object returned by this method is enumerated, Union enumerates first and second in that order and yields each element that has not already been yielded.

public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ Union(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ first, System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ second, System::Collections::Generic::IEqualityComparer<TSource> ^ comparer);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second, System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second, System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<TSource>? comparer);

static member Union : seq<'Source> * seq<'Source> * System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<'Source> -> seq<'Source>

<Extension()>
Public Function Union(Of TSource) (first As IEnumerable(Of TSource), second As IEnumerable(Of TSource), comparer As IEqualityComparer(Of TSource)) As IEnumerable(Of TSource)

Parametry typu

Parametry

Zwraca

IEnumerable<TSource>

IEnumerable<T>Zawiera elementy z obu sekwencji wejściowych, z wyjątkiem duplikatów.An IEnumerable<T> that contains the elements from both input sequences, excluding duplicates.

Wyjątki

Przykłady

Poniższy przykład pokazuje, jak zaimplementować funkcję porównującą równość, która może zostać użyta w Union metodzie.The following example shows how to implement an equality comparer that can be used in the Union method.

public class Product
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Code { get; set; }
}

// Custom comparer for the Product class
class ProductComparer : IEqualityComparer<Product>
{
    // Products are equal if their names and product numbers are equal.
    public bool Equals(Product x, Product y)
    {

        //Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;

        //Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, null) || Object.ReferenceEquals(y, null))
            return false;

        //Check whether the products' properties are equal.
        return x.Code == y.Code && x.Name == y.Name;
    }

    // If Equals() returns true for a pair of objects
    // then GetHashCode() must return the same value for these objects.

    public int GetHashCode(Product product)
    {
        //Check whether the object is null
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(product, null)) return 0;

        //Get hash code for the Name field if it is not null.
        int hashProductName = product.Name == null ? 0 : product.Name.GetHashCode();

        //Get hash code for the Code field.
        int hashProductCode = product.Code.GetHashCode();

        //Calculate the hash code for the product.
        return hashProductName ^ hashProductCode;
    }
}

Public Class Product
    Public Property Name As String
    Public Property Code As Integer
End Class

' Custom comparer for the Product class
Public Class ProductComparer
    Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product)

    Public Function Equals1(
        ByVal x As Product, 
        ByVal y As Product
        ) As Boolean Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product).Equals

        ' Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
        If x Is y Then Return True

        'Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
        If x Is Nothing OrElse y Is Nothing Then Return False

        ' Check whether the products' properties are equal.
        Return (x.Code = y.Code) AndAlso (x.Name = y.Name)
    End Function

    Public Function GetHashCode1(
        ByVal product As Product
        ) As Integer Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product).GetHashCode

        ' Check whether the object is null.
        If product Is Nothing Then Return 0

        ' Get hash code for the Name field if it is not null.
        Dim hashProductName = 
            If(product.Name Is Nothing, 0, product.Name.GetHashCode())

        ' Get hash code for the Code field.
        Dim hashProductCode = product.Code.GetHashCode()

        ' Calculate the hash code for the product.
        Return hashProductName Xor hashProductCode
    End Function
End Class

Po zaimplementowaniu tej metody porównującej można użyć sekwencji Product obiektów w Union metodzie, jak pokazano w następującym przykładzie:After you implement this comparer, you can use sequences of Product objects in the Union method, as shown in the following example:

Product[] store1 = { new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new Product { Name = "orange", Code = 4 } };

Product[] store2 = { new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new Product { Name = "lemon", Code = 12 } };

Dim store1() As Product = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "orange", .Code = 4}}

Dim store2() As Product = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "lemon", .Code = 12}}

//Get the products from the both arrays
//excluding duplicates.

IEnumerable<Product> union =
  store1.Union(store2, new ProductComparer());

foreach (var product in union)
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name + " " + product.Code);

/*
    This code produces the following output:

    apple 9
    orange 4
    lemon 12
*/

' Get the products from the both arrays
' excluding duplicates.

Dim union = store1.Union(store2, New ProductComparer())

For Each product In union
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name & " " & product.Code)
Next

' This code produces the following output:
'
' apple 9
' orange 4
' lemon 12
' 

Uwagi

Ta metoda jest implementowana za pomocą odroczonego wykonania.This method is implemented by using deferred execution. Bezpośrednio zwracana wartość jest obiektem, który przechowuje wszystkie informacje wymagane do wykonania akcji.The immediate return value is an object that stores all the information that is required to perform the action. Zapytanie reprezentowane przez tę metodę nie jest wykonywane do momentu wyliczenia obiektu przez wywołanie jego GetEnumerator metody bezpośrednio lub przy użyciu foreach w Visual C# lub For Each w Visual Basic.The query represented by this method is not executed until the object is enumerated either by calling its GetEnumerator method directly or by using foreach in Visual C# or For Each in Visual Basic.

Jeśli comparer jest null , domyślna funkcja porównująca równość Default jest używana do porównywania wartości.If comparer is null, the default equality comparer, Default, is used to compare values.

Gdy obiekt zwracany przez tę metodę jest wyliczany, Union wylicza first i second w tej kolejności i daje każdy element, który nie został jeszcze osiągnięty.When the object returned by this method is enumerated, Union enumerates first and second in that order and yields each element that has not already been yielded.

ConcatMetoda różni się od Union metody, ponieważ Concat Metoda zwraca wszystkie elementy w sekwencjach wejściowych, w tym duplikaty, podczas gdy Union zwraca tylko unikatowe wartości.The Concat method differs from the Union method because the Concat method returns all the elements in the input sequences including duplicates, whereas Union returns only unique values.