Copy data to or from Azure Blob storage by using Azure Data Factory

• 06/14/2018
• 9 minutes to read
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This article outlines how to use Copy Activity in Azure Data Factory to copy data to and from Azure Blob storage. It builds on the Copy Activity overview article that presents a general overview of Copy Activity.

Supported capabilities

You can copy data from any supported source data store to Blob storage. You also can copy data from Blob storage to any supported sink data store. For a list of data stores that are supported as sources or sinks by the copy activity, see the Supported data stores table.

Specifically, this Blob storage connector supports:

• Copying blobs to and from general-purpose Azure storage accounts and hot/cool blob storage.
• Copying blobs by using both account key and service shared access signature authentications.
• Copying blobs from block, append, or page blobs and copying data to only block blobs. Azure Premium Storage isn't supported as a sink because it's backed by page blobs.
• Copying blobs as is or parsing or generating blobs with supported file formats and compression codecs.

Get started

You can create a pipeline with the copy activity by using one of the following tools or SDKs. Select a link to go to a tutorial with step-by-step instructions to create a pipeline with a copy activity.

• Copy Data tool
• Azure portal
• .NET SDK
• Python SDK
• Azure PowerShell
• REST API
• Azure Resource Manager template.

The following sections provide details about properties that are used to define Data Factory entities specific to Blob storage.

Linked service properties

Use an account key

You can create a Storage linked service by using the account key. It provides the data factory with global access to Storage. The following properties are supported.

Example:

{
    "name": "AzureStorageLinkedService",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureStorage",
        "typeProperties": {
            "connectionString": {
                "type": "SecureString",
                "value": "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=<accountname>;AccountKey=<accountkey>"
            }
        },
        "connectVia": {
            "referenceName": "<name of Integration Runtime>",
            "type": "IntegrationRuntimeReference"
        }
    }
}

Use service shared access signature authentication

You also can create a Storage linked service by using a shared access signature. It provides the data factory with restricted/time-bound access to all/specific resources (blob/container) in the storage.

A shared access signature provides delegated access to resources in your storage account. You can use a shared access signature to grant a client limited permissions to objects in your storage account for a specified time. You don't have to share your account access keys. The shared access signature is a URI that encompasses in its query parameters all the information necessary for authenticated access to a storage resource. To access storage resources with the shared access signature, the client only needs to pass in the shared access signature to the appropriate constructor or method. For more information about shared access signatures, see Shared access signatures: Understand the shared access signature model.

To use service shared access signature authentication, the following properties are supported.

Example:

{
    "name": "AzureStorageLinkedService",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureStorage",
        "typeProperties": {
            "sasUri": {
                "type": "SecureString",
                "value": "<SAS URI of the Azure Storage resource>"
            }
        },
        "connectVia": {
            "referenceName": "<name of Integration Runtime>",
            "type": "IntegrationRuntimeReference"
        }
    }
}

When you create a shared access signature URI, consider the following points:

• Set appropriate read/write permissions on objects based on how the linked service (read, write, read/write) is used in your data factory.
• Set Expiry time appropriately. Make sure that the access to Storage objects doesn't expire within the active period of the pipeline.
• The URI should be created at the right container/blob or table level based on the need. A shared access signature URI to a blob allows Data Factory to access that particular blob. A shared access signature URI to an Blob storage container allows Data Factory to iterate through blobs in that container. To provide access to more or fewer objects later, or to update the shared access signature URI, remember to update the linked service with the new URI.

Dataset properties

For a full list of sections and properties available for defining datasets, see the Datasets article. This section provides a list of properties supported by the Blob storage dataset.

To copy data to and from Blob storage, set the type property of the dataset to AzureBlob. The following properties are supported.

Example:

{
    "name": "AzureBlobDataset",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureBlob",
        "linkedServiceName": {
            "referenceName": "<Azure Storage linked service name>",
            "type": "LinkedServiceReference"
        },
        "typeProperties": {
            "folderPath": "mycontainer/myfolder",
            "fileName": "myfile.csv.gz",
            "format": {
                "type": "TextFormat",
                "columnDelimiter": ",",
                "rowDelimiter": "\n"
            },
            "compression": {
                "type": "GZip",
                "level": "Optimal"
            }
        }
    }
}

Copy activity properties

For a full list of sections and properties available for defining activities, see the Pipelines article. This section provides a list of properties supported by the Blob storage source and sink.

Blob storage as a source type

To copy data from Blob storage, set the source type in the copy activity to BlobSource. The following properties are supported in the copy activity source section.

Example:

"activities":[
    {
        "name": "CopyFromBlob",
        "type": "Copy",
        "inputs": [
            {
                "referenceName": "<Azure Blob input dataset name>",
                "type": "DatasetReference"
            }
        ],
        "outputs": [
            {
                "referenceName": "<output dataset name>",
                "type": "DatasetReference"
            }
        ],
        "typeProperties": {
            "source": {
                "type": "BlobSource",
                "recursive": true
            },
            "sink": {
                "type": "<sink type>"
            }
        }
    }
]

Blob storage as a sink type

To copy data to Blob storage, set the sink type in the copy activity to BlobSink. The following properties are supported in the sink section.

Example:

"activities":[
    {
        "name": "CopyToBlob",
        "type": "Copy",
        "inputs": [
            {
                "referenceName": "<input dataset name>",
                "type": "DatasetReference"
            }
        ],
        "outputs": [
            {
                "referenceName": "<Azure Blob output dataset name>",
                "type": "DatasetReference"
            }
        ],
        "typeProperties": {
            "source": {
                "type": "<source type>"
            },
            "sink": {
                "type": "BlobSink",
                "copyBehavior": "PreserveHierarchy"
            }
        }
    }
]

Some recursive and copyBehavior examples

This section describes the resulting behavior of the Copy operation for different combinations of recursive and copyBehavior values.

Next steps

For a list of data stores supported as sources and sinks by the copy activity in Data Factory, see Supported data stores.